Bol to let 801 leteckej spoločnosti Korean Air zo Soulu na ostrov Guam zo dňa 5. augusta 1997 a autor knihy Výnimoční Malcolm Gladwell použil túto haváriu ako bázu pre kapitolu s nekorektným názvom Etnická teória leteckých katastrof. Celkovo je jeho kniha rafinovane nekorektná. Do edičného plánu jedného z najneškodnejších slovenských vydavateľstiev sa zrejme dostala vďaka klamlivému náteru bulvárnosti, pod ktorým sa skrývajú – i keď rôzne pozliepané a kostrbaté - rafinované otázky (a občas i odpovede) smerované do jedného z veľkých súčasných tabu.
No ale späť do Boeingu 747, ktorý zapikoval do guamského vŕšku. Kapitán bol skúsený, oddýchnutý, pripravený, navyše zo Soulu na Guam lietal často, terén dokonale poznal, len počasie bolo trochu horšie.
Tejto havárii predchádzali iné tragédie kórejských lietadiel. Stroje Korean Air padali tak často, že v roku 1999 Delta Air Lines a Air France vypovedali s touto leteckou spoločnosťou spoluprácu a americká armáda zakázala svojim vojakom dislokovaným v Južnej Kórei využívať lety tejto spoločnosti. Americký Federálny letecký úrad znížil Korean Air rating a Kanada zvažovala zákaz letu cez jej vzdušný priestor.
A potom sa stal malý zázrak. Od roku 1999 nemala spoločnosť Korean Air žiadnu nehodu a v súčasnosti je členom prestížneho združenia Sky Team. Zmena si vyžadovala netradičnú analýzu. Keďže šlo o bezpečnosť letovej prevádzky, politická korektnosť bola odložená bokom a audítori sa bez bázne a hany zamerali na kórejské etnické špecifiká. Využili netradičný nástroj - Hofstedeho Index odstupu od moci (PDI), merajúci rešpekt voči autoritám v jednotlivých kultúrach. Ukázalo sa, že v kórejskej leteckej spoločnosti s jej extrémne komplikovaným zdvorilostným systémom neboli ostatní členovia posádky za žiadnych okolností schopní povedať kapitánovi stručne a jednoznačne, že robí chybu.
Využitie Hofstedeho PDI znamenalo úplne iný pohľad na letecký priemysel. Môže dobre poslúžiť aj pri analýze tragédie poľského lietadla s netradičnou mocenskou posádkou, ktorá poničila stromy pri smolenskom Severnom. I keď je pravda, že niektorí, napríklad kamarát Geňka, považujú skôr za tragédiu, že v lietadle nebol aj druhý malý mech jedu Jaroslaw.
Gladwell sa vo svojej pozoruhodnej, i keď miestami chaotickej knihe zaoberá aj výnimočným talentom Číňanov pre matematiku. Odpoveď hľadá v čínskej usilovnosti historicky danej nepretržitou prácou na južných ryžových políčkach. So zle skrývaným dešpektom voči Európe ju porovnáva so sezónnou prácou ľudí na starom kontinente, kde sa celú zimu roľníci hlivejúc váľali na gavalcoch, kým na teplom juhu Číňania fachčili celoročne ako diví. Preto sú potomkovia týchto sezónne pracujúcich Európanov neschopní vytrvalej práce. Ak je to tak, potom Gladwell jednoducho a nekorektne hovorí o selekcii. Ak sa Európan motal v zime po vonku a intenzívne pracoval, dostal zápal pľúc a uhynul. Tí, čo sa váľali pri peci, prežili. A je to.
Lenže – reč je o matematike. Predstava, že sa matematiku možno naučiť tisíckami hodín usilovne odsedených nad knihami je scestná a hlúpa. Kvantifikácia je proste Gladwellovou slabinou. Iste, Číňania sú usilovní, ale tajomstvo ich talentu na matematiku treba skôr hľadať vo fonetike čínštiny. Ako hovorí klasik, zmeňte ľuďom jazyk – a zmeníte ich myslenie. Už len politicky nekorektne dodám, že analýza vzostupu agresivity u ľudí hovoriacich po anglicky (a špeciál americkou angličtinou) by možno priniesla prekvapivé výsledky.
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Kniha chemika Josepha Davidovitsa Nové dejiny pyramíd má podtitul Šokujúca pravda o stavbe pyramíd. Jeho teória geopolymérov je však tak čistá a priezračná, že rozhodne nepôsobí šokujúco. Je výsledkom poctivej práce Occamovou britvou. Autor v knihe dokazuje, že stará egyptská civilizácia geopolymerizáciu poznala a využívala aj pri stavbe pyramíd. Starí Egypťania boli posadnutí kameňom a aj spôsob mumifikácie je dôkazom, že ich znalosti chémie boli excelentné. Davidovitsova teória stavieb pyramíd z geopolymérov je vynikajúco vyargumentovaná – a autor víta jej seriózne spochybňovania ako výzvu, pričom sa sťažuje, že im často chýba práve tá serióznosť – lenže vo verejnom priestore akosi nenachádza patričnú odozvu. Jej zarytým nepriateľom je napríklad despotický úradnícky vládca pyramíd Záví Havás, člen Mubarakovej mafie. Hej, to je ten, čo nenechal Gantenbrinka s jeho robotom Upuautom pokračovať v práci. Veľkohubo síce oznámil, že v roku 2005 bude vo výskumoch pokračovať singapúrsky tím, ale je rok 2010 a Havás robotický výskum naďalej účinne blokuje. Ten ... ako sa len volá?, aha ... Däniken údajne nedávno v Bratislave povedal, že singapúrsky tím minulý rok vo výskume naozaj pokračoval a našiel nejaké nápisy, ale toľko sa Däniken v minulosti snažil robiť zaujímavým všelijakými táraninami, že dnes mu už nikto seriózny neverí.
Nebol by však Davidovits chazarským Davidovičom, keby nezamontoval do svojej knihy Izraelitov, naznačujúc, že pri zrode geopolymerizácie stál sám biblický Jožko. Ťažko povedať, či chcel takýmto spôsobom pretlačiť svoju teóriu výraznejšie do korporátnych médií, očakávaná odozva však nenastala. História, ktorou sa zapodieva, je príliš stará a z hľadiska chazarskej kmeňovej ideológie podružná. Veď mýtus spájajúci Jozefa s pyramídami – čo zrejme Davidovits nevie alebo nechce vedieť – vznikol až v európskom stredoveku, kedy miestni škrabáci, ktorí nevedeli ani len označiť smer, kde leží Egypt, opisovali vo svojich temných kuticiach pyramídy ako „Jozefove sýpky“. Ideológovia vyznávajúci chazarskú mytológiu s jej centrálnou dogmou „úteku úbohých izraelských otrokov z Egypta“ majú momentálne aj tak plné ruky práce s marginalizáciou závažného zistenia, že pyramídy nestavali otroci.
Odhliadnuc od tohto aspektu Davidovitsova kniha poteší najmä geológov. Je v nej pekne zhrnuté, v čom sme v súvislosti s Gízou a pyramídami omylní.
Otázkou je, prečo toľký odpor voči Davidovitsoej teórii. Odpoveď tkvie v detinskom malichernom postoji, že tí pred nami nemohli poznať niečo, čo my nepoznáme dnes. Glazúra? Poznáme, a tak ju mohli poznať aj starí Egypťania. Geopolymerizácia? Nepoznáme. A tak ju v žiadnom prípade nemohli ovládať staré civilizácie. Keď sa geopolymerizácia stane aj v tejto civilizácii, odchovanej na metalurgii, široko známou, budú sa nasledujúce generácie diviť, že jej znalosti niekto starým Egypťanom upieral.
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Jeden si už tak zvykol na slovníky prevažne anglosaskej proveniencie, že si u milého malého slovníka pre deti i dospelých 1000 čínskych slovíčok ani nevšimol, že jeho autorkou je Češka. I listujem si v ňom, kochajúc sa kresbami a odrazu natrafím na niečo dôverne známe zo základnej školy. Obrázok typu „nakresli domček jedným ťahom“. To je ten s X uprostred. Až vtedy som prejavila záujem o autora knihy. A zároveň som si spomenula na kapitolu o matematike v Gladwellovej knihe Výnimoční. Hej, my sme mali šťastie na učiteľa matematiky, ktorý nám vysvetlil, že domček jedným ťahom musíme začať kresliť z uzla s nepárnym počtom, a že uzlov s nepárnym počtom nemôže byť nepárny počet, pretože každá čiara, ktorá má začiatok, má aj koniec. Dal nám tým základy topológie, čiže ontológie. Gladwell vytiahol ako etalón matematického úspechu nejakú dievčicu, ktorá sa ako dieťa každú sobotu triasla pred doučovaním z matematika a dnes študuje na vysokej škole – účtovníctvo, čo Gladwell považuje za veľkolepé. Nechtiac tým vyjadril nepríjemnú pravdu: že matematika je tu zredukovaná na upachtené účtovnícke počty. Vyučovanie matematiky aj na slovenských školách nech je toho dôkazom. Namiesto intelektuálneho dobrodružstva nuda účtovníckych glotových rukávov.
(Ospravedlňujem sa všetkým, ktorí si všimli zníženú mieru súkromnej komunikácie. Ale každá práca sa raz skončí a ak človek dovtedy neodvykne, možno aj s blížnymi viac pokváka.)
Komentáre
Odkaz pre outsidera Stana
Pé es: tento Stan nie je identický s naším miestnym gašparom Stankom.
Hehe, príznačné. Z niktoša hrdina
Stačilo netradične otrčiť kopytá.
Koľko je takýchto hrdinov v histórii, ktorí sa do nej zapísali len neobvyklým spôsobom skonu, primäjúc celý národ realizovať si verejne bolestínsku bľačivosť, za čo im bol národ neskonale vďačný.
"Skurvené náledí."
nieže tak vulgárne,
zasrané náledí - za stranu, za lidi
Čo?
Cheopsova pyramida
Robot z Leeds zacal misiu v lete 2009 a Hawas verejne slubil v decembri 2009 zverejnit vysledky. Nic sme sa nedozvedeli.
Vraj v pyramide pracuje aj singapursky robot ale o tejto misii nie su ziadne dostupne spravy.
Davidovitsova praca je jednym kusom do skladacky ale zahady zostavaju.
za stranu, za lidi..
Kazda doba podla seba.
Tak rozmyslam, nakolko zdegenerovana je ta dnesna doba, ked povazuje vsetky tie sachty a komplikacie v stavbach za objekty kultu. Je dnesna doba naozaj tak posadnuta smrtou a kultom?
Akokolvek, ci uz pyramidy vybudovali koli comukolvek a akokolvek, urcite je, ze to bol absolutny vrchol - stavebne umenie potom uz v staroveku nedokazalo nic podobne. Naopak, v Egyptdkej Risi nastal len upadok, samozrejme, obcas vlnovito mierne ozivujuci, ale jednoznacne smerujuci tam, kde je dnes.
Tvoriaci fundament ocividne vymizol najneskor okolo roku 2500 pnl., ak nie ovela skor. Niet skutocneho talentu, nie je tvorba (len kopirovanie a postupne degenerovanie, zakon entropie).
Krik, ty este zijes?
Kascynsky, blbec, ktory sa posmykol do kralovskej hrobky :-)
Za stranu a lidi.
Damy a pani, nehovorte mi, ze dnesna doba nema v sebe humor.
Ako kedysi, akurat Americania a Izraelci vrazdia ovela nehanebnejsie, nez komunisti, a ovela, ovela viac.
Po tom, ako sa mentálne nestabilná Procházková
No ale predsa.
Zas ide o deti - a zas ide o deti ruské.
http://www.sme.sk/c/5336590/su-americania-k-detom-nelutostnejsi-ako-rusi.html
Ak už chcela byť Procházková korektná k americkému systému, dobre.
Ale nazvať utýranie detí adoptívnymi rodičmi k smrti - jeden z najodpornejších predstaviteľných zločinov - eufemicky "situácia sa im vymkla z rúk" - to je príznak úplnej emočnej hniloby.
To utýrané dieťa nebolo jedno, oficiálne sa vie o sedemnástich. Naposledy to bol v auguste 2009 sedemročný Váňa Skorobogatov, premenovaný adoptívnymi rodičmi na Nathaniela Cravera, ktorí mu rozrieskali hlavu. Predtým dvojročná Nina, ktorej jej adoptívna americká mater rozkopala brucho. Osemročného Denisa Urického rodičia vyhladovali na smrť. Atakďalej.
Čo Procházkovej, ktorá je údajne sama materou, bránilo napísať pravdu - že spôsob adopcie je nedokonalý a deti sa občas dostávajú do pazúrov psychopatom. Nič. Len jej nenávisť, jej posadnutosť. V Procházkovej beštiálnom mentálnom svete sú vinníkmi "neovládateľné" ruské deti a americkým psychopatom a sadistom sa to len vymklo z rúk. Ups, proste to nevyšlo.
Malého Arťoma, ktorého poslala jeho psychopatická americká náhradná mater samého krížom cez oceán, si po návrate z nemocnice adoptovali ruskí náhradní rodičia. Zas tá sviňa Procházková musela špirhnúť špinavé klamstvo, že Rusi deti neadoptujú a ďalšie špinavé klamstvo, že odkladajú deti častejšie ako Američania.
Že sa Američania hrabú po ruských deťoch súvisí s ich rasizmom - v USA majú na adopciu detí habadej, lenže sú... no trikrát hádajme. Ruské deti sú biele, záujem je o čo najblonďavejšie.
A že si v Rusku nejakí čuráci z adopčných agentúr mysleli, že keď uprednostnia pri adopcii Američanov pred Rusmi, budú sa mať deti lepšie - za to by mali ísť natvrdo do lochu. Konečne sa v Rusku pozrú na to, KTO o tých adopciách ruských detí do USA rozhodol. Pretože tam nešlo o dobro detí.
Sa silou-mocou hrabú po ruských deťoch
Hneď nejaká Crowley, zrejmei sesternica Aleistera Crowleyho, do Moskvy dofrčala.
No aha ho, Janukovyča,
International Institute for Strategic Studies in London
Iran --$ 359 billion (U.S. GDP is roughly 38 times greater than Iran's)
Defense spending (2008):
U.S. -- $692 billion
Iran -- $9.6 billion (U.S. defense budget is over 70 times larger than Iran)
Military personnel:
U.S.--1,580,255 active; 864,547 reserves (very well trained)
Iran-- 525,000 active; 350,000 reserves (poorly trained)
Combat aircraft:
U.S. -- 4,090 (includes USAF, USN, USMC and reserves)
Iran -- 312 (serviceability questionable)
Main battle tanks:
U.S. -- 6,251 (Army + Marine Corps)
Iran -- 1,613 (serviceability questionable)
Navy:
U.S. -- 11 aircraft carriers, 99 principal surface combatants, 71 submarines, 160 patrol boats, plus large auxiliary fleet
Iran -- 6 principal surface combatants, 10 submarines, 146 patrol boats
Nuclear weapons:
U.S. -- 2,702 deployed, >6,000 in reserve
Iran -- Zero
Misko gratulujeme !!!
=article&id=2099:miko-gratulujeme&catid=105:podoteky&Itemid=442
http://www.sme.sk/c/3834967/sme-ma-najviac-nominacii-na-novinarsku-cenu.html
Kohn: Detičky, stratili ste sa?
"Dominique Strauss-Kahn, the managing director of the International Monetary Fund, says the Greek people should not fear the IMF."
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/8642399.stm
Aj naša domácnosť blahoželá k oceneniu od OSF
Výsledky sú tu:
http://www.sme.sk/c/5342036/najviac-novinarskych-cien-ziskali-andrej-ban-a-palba.html
Popri sračkách typu novinárskych cien
Kto vie po rusky a zaujíma ho taká nepodstatná blbosť, či bude v zime v jeho domčeku teplo, tu má kompletnú správu:
http://www.rian.ru/trend/putin_visits_austria_italy_23042010/
Vrátane Putinovej otázky, na kieho oného ide EÚ na nátlak USA vraziť do plynovodu s podivným názvom Nabucco strašné miliardy, keď doň nemá zakontrahovaný jediný kubík plynu. Nemá a pri súčasnej politike štvania proti národom nebude mať.
A teraz nastáva skutočná dráááma. Nabucco malo mať plyn z rozbitého, čiže zdemokratizovaného Iránu rovnakým spôsobom, ako má USA ropu zo zdemokratizovaného Iraku (Iračania nedostávajú za svoju ropu ani vindru, v podstate takto naturáliami platia náklady na okupáciu plus niečo navyše, samozrejme - za láskavosť okupanta zdržiavať sa v takej púštnej riti akou je Irak).
Lenže Irán stále stojí na nohách.
I prišiel z USA befel, že v súvislosti s Nabuccom treba s Iránom rokovať. Rakúsko pozvalo Manúčera Mottakího (je vo Viedni dnes). Do ulíc zároveň vyrazila židobolševická úderka, ktorej členkou je aj stará prašivá komunistka ovenčená Nobelovou cenou za prepytujem literatúru Elfrída Jelíneková, aby vrešťali Stop the bomb a podobne.
Doprajme magorom, ktorí si hovoria politici, túto schizofrenickú situáciu, keď stoja ako kôl v plote medzi zžieravou realitou, reprezentovanou napríklad chladom v zime a napaprčenou hordou farebných revolucionárov nenávidiacich všetko, čo je iné ako oni.
No a ako bodku za správami možno konštatovať, že zoskupenia ako BRIC, Šanghajská organizácia spolupráce a pod. sa pozerajú na USA a jej európske šlahúne už len ako na bezcennú, momentálne veľmi agresívnu pleseň, ktorá nie je partnerom do seriózneho dospelého dialógu.
Bonus
Magor nedokáže predvídať, zato vie obsluhovať robotíka. Niekde ho používa na oddrbávanie civilov, niekde na získavanie zbytočných dát.
http://www.sme.sk/c/5344885/na-mieste-nestastia-v-mexickom-zalive-zacala-unikat-ropa.html
v tazbe ropy sa neorientujem,
podmorska trubka :))))
vyzera to na pekny pruser
Podmorska trubka je dobry vtip.
Mimochodom, sokujuce na tom pripade pre mna je (aj) to, ako to zas masmedia spracuvaju, lepsie povedane, ako to zas ututlavaju.
Ako za sociku...
Congratulations to everyone involved
"This impressive well depth record reflects the intensive planning and focus on effective operations by BP and the drilling crews of the Deepwater Horizon," said Robert L. Long, Transocean Ltd.'s Chief Executive Officer. "Congratulations to everyone involved."
pre nobody
ki clanku Komedia o strasidle:
US oil leak worse than expected
bude to mat horsie nasledky ako cernobylska havaria http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/8650620.stm
Netreba, nobody, si o tom nutne niečo myslieť
Skutočnosť je však taká, že teraz, po havárii Deepwater Horizon a v dôsledku katastrofy, ktorá nastala (a ešte nastane), to bude výrazne horšie ako ukazuje ten graf.
Na nové tučné offshore ložiská, s ktorými radostne kalkulovali (a od US administratívy si k nim vydriapali prístup) všelijakí korporátni transoceánski špinavci, môžu zabudnúť. A všetky svoje skurvené pažravé prognózy môžu začať prepracovávať, a to od ...no, od peaky.
US oil leak worse than expected?
nie oil leak je horsi, ako si dokazeme predstavit.
Ludstvu bolo cely historicky cas uplne jedno, kolko je ropy na svete, az posledne dve strocia sposobili, ze sa ludstvo ocitlo v hrozivej situacii.
Teoreticky by sa mohlo stat, ze societa kludne prejde do stavu, v ktorom sa zaobide s mensim mnozstvom energie. V reale sa to ale nestane, pretoze ludstvo je ako celok take - priamo povedane, blbe.
V prirpde su bezne poziare a tak aj ludstvo zasa raz zhori.
TOMU sa hovori evolucia.
Ta nie je NIKDY priama, prave naopak.
Ale nema zmysu tu opisovat peklo, ktorym ludstvo prejde:)
Ved sa vsetci dockaju a uvidia. O tom mozem kazdeho jedneho ubezpecit a nezaziju ho len ti, ktori vcas zomru.
Zaujimavejsie je spomenut, ze absolutne vedomosti bud vzdy nejako preziju a prelezu lievikmi hostorie, alebo, ab definitio budu vzdy znova "objavene"
Takze plati stare zname, ze naozaj mudry clovek sa nicoho neboji. Ani pekla:)
Haliburton May be a Primary Culprit in Deepwater Horizon Oil Rig Explosion
In recent years the company has become the object of several controversies involving the 2003 Iraq War and the company's ties to Former U.S. Vice President Dick Cheney.
Cheney retired from the company during the 2000 U.S. presidential election campaign with a severance package worth $36 million.As of 2004, he had received $398,548 in deferred compensation from Halliburton while Vice President.
riesenie nie je
Ked si uvedomite ze pred vyse 100 rokmi americka vlada na pokyny ropnych kartelov skupila cez firmu GE vsetky patenty Nikola Tesla ohladom free energy, apatenty zamkla len sa s nimi pracuje vtajnych vojenskych programoch... Ludstvo vobec nemuselo ziadnu ropu tazit uz dlhe destarocia, auta vobec nemuseli jazdit na benzin ci naftu, mohli sme mat dostatok absolutne cistej elektriny uplne zadarmo....tak uvidite ze vinnici tejto katastrofy nie su len sefovia BP ale vsetky americke vlady za poslednych 100 rokov, vsetky ropne spolocnosti vsetky vedecke institucie ktore sa odmietli Teslovymi teoriami zaoberat, vsetci prostitujuci sa vedci ktore Teslove teorie odmietali alebo zosmiesnovali. Mnoho ludi bolo zavrazdenych len za to ze sami zostrojili zariadenia na free enrgy a snazili sa to propagaovat, naposledy to bolo american zavrazdeny v noci, ked na druhy den rano mal vyboru americkeho senatu predviest free energy zariadenie a ani vybor senatu nedokazal presadit vysetrenie jeho vrazdy. Tato katostrova sa vyrabala 100 rokov a je v tom zapojene obrovske mnozstvo ludi ma roznych funkciach a v roznych instituciach ale aj kazdy jednotlive spotrebitel ktory je lenivy si najst skutocne zdroje informacii a z pohodlnosti sa necha opit novinarskym rozkom.
Salazar calls oil spill a potential catastrophe
Whistleblower: BP Risks More Massive Catastrophes in Gulf
Friday 30 April 2010
by: Jason Leopold, t r u t h o u t | Report
A former contractor who worked for British Petroleum (BP) claims the oil
conglomerate broke federal laws and violated its own internal procedures
by failing to maintain crucial safety and engineering documents related
to one of the firms other deepwater production projects in the Gulf of
Mexico, according to internal emails and other documents obtained by
Truthout.
The whistleblower, whose name has been withheld at the person's request
because the whistleblower still works in the oil industry and fears
retaliation, first raised concerns about safety issues related to BP
Atlantis, the world's largest and deepest semi-submersible oil and
natural gas platform, located about 200 miles south of New Orleans, in
November 2008. Atlantis, which began production in October 2007, has the
capacity to produce about 8.4 million gallons of oil and 180 million
cubic feet of natural gas per day.
It was then that the whistleblower, who was hired to oversee the
company's databases that housed documents related to its Atlantis
project, discovered that the drilling platform had been operating without
a majority of the engineer-approved documents it needed to run safely,
leaving the platform vulnerable to a catastrophic disaster that would far
surpass the massive oil spill that began last week following a deadly
explosion on a BP-operated drilling rig.
BP's own internal communications show that company officials were made
aware of the issue and feared that the document shortfalls related to
Atlantis "could lead to catastrophic operator error" and must be
addressed.
Indeed, according to an August 15, 2008, email sent to BP officials by
Barry Duff, a member of BP's Deepwater Gulf of Mexico Atlantis Subsea
Team, the Piping and Instrument Diagrams (P&IDs) for the Atlantis subsea
components "are not complete." P&IDs documents form the foundation of a
hazards analysis BP is required to undertake as part of its Safety and
Environmental Management Program related to its offshore drilling
operations. P&IDs drawings provide the schematic details of the project's
piping and process flows, valves and safety critical instrumentation.
"The risk in turning over drawings that are not complete are: 1) The
Operator will assume the drawings are accurate and up to date," the email
said. "This could lead to catastrophic Operator errors due to their
assuming the drawing is correct," said Duff's email to BP officials Bill
Naseman and William Broman. "Turning over incomplete drawings to the
Operator for their use is a fundamental violation of basic Document
control, [internal standards] and Process Safety Regulations."
BP did not respond to repeated requests for comment for this story.
Despite the claims that BP did not maintain proper documentation related
to Atlantis, federal regulators continued to authorize an expansion of
the drilling project.
Last May, Mike Sawyer, a Texas-based engineer who works for Apex Safety
Consultants, voluntarily agreed to evaluate BP's Atlantis subsea document
database and the whistleblower's allegations regarding BP's engineering
document shortfall related to Atlantis. Sawyer concluded that of the
2,108 P&IDs BP maintained that dealt specifically with the subsea
components of its Atlantis production project, 85 percent did not receive
engineer approval.
Even worse, 95 percent of Atlantis' subsea welding records did not
receive final approval, calling into question the integrity of thousands
of crucial welds on subsea components that, if they were to rupture,
could result in an oil spill 30 times worse than the one that occurred
after the explosion on Deepwater Horizon last week.
In a report Sawyer prepared after his review, he said BP's "widespread
pattern of unapproved design, testing and inspection documentation on the
Atlantis subsea project creates a risk of a catastrophic incident
threatening the [Gulf of Mexico] deep-water environment and the safety of
platform workers." Moreover, "the extent of documentation discrepancies
creates a substantial risk that a catastrophic event could occur at any
time."
"The absence of a complete set of final, up-to-date, 'as built'
engineering documents, including appropriate engineering approval,
introduces substantial risk of large scale damage to the deep water [Gulf
of Mexico] environment and harm to workers, primarily because analyses
and inspections based on unverified design documents cannot accurately
assess risk or suitability for service," Sawyer's report said. He added,
"there is no valid engineering justification for these violations and
short cuts."
Sawyer explained that the documents in question - welding records,
inspections and safety shutdown logic materials - are "extremely critical
to the safe operation of the platform and its subsea components." He said
the safety shutdown logic drawings on Atlantis, a complex computerized
system that, during emergencies, is supposed to send a signal to
automatically shut down the flow of oil, were listed as "requiring
update."
"BP's recklessness in regards to the Atlantis project is a clear example
of how the company has a pattern of failing to comply with minimum
industry standards for worker and environmental safety," Sawyer said.
The oil spill blanketing roughly 4,000 square miles in the Gulf of Mexico
after the Deepwater Horizon explosion, which killed eleven workers, was
exacerbated, preliminary reports suggest, by the failure of a blowout
preventer to shut off the flow of oil on the drilling rig and the lack of
a backup safety measure, known as a remote control acoustic shut off
switch, to operate the blowout preventer.
Congressman Henry Waxman, chairman of the Committee on Energy and
Commerce, sent a letter Thursday to BP Chairman and President Lamar McKay
seeking documents related to inspections on Deepwater Horizon conducted
this year and BP's policy on using acoustic shut off switches in the Gulf
of Mexico.
The circumstances behind the spill are now the subject of a federal
investigation.
Profits Before Safety
Whether it's the multiple oil spills that emanated from BP's Prudhoe Bay
operations in Alaska's North Slope or the March 2005 explosion at the
company's Texas refinery that killed 15 employees and injured 170 people,
BP has consistently put profits ahead of safety.
On October 25, 2007, BP pled guilty to a criminal violation of the Clean
Water Act and paid a $20 million fine related to two separate oil spills
that occurred in the North Slope in March and August of 2006, the result
of a severely corroded pipeline and a safety valve failure. BP formally
entered a guilty plea in federal court on November 29, 2007. US District
Court Judge Ralph Beistline sentenced BP to three years probation and
said oil spills were a "serious crime" that could have been prevented if
BP had spent more time and funds investing in pipeline upgrades and a
"little less emphasis on profit."
Also on October 25, 2007, BP paid a $50 million fine and pleaded guilty
to a felony in the refinery explosion. An investigation into the incident
concluded that a warning system was not working and that BP sidestepped
its own internal regulations for operating the tower. Moreover, BP has a
prior felony conviction for improperly disposing of hazardous waste.
The incident involving Deepwater Horizon, now the subject of a federal
investigation, may end up being the latest example of BP's safety
practices run amuck.
The issues related to the repeated spills in Prudhoe Bay and elsewhere
were revealed by more than 100 whistleblowers who, since as far back as
1999, said the company failed to take seriously their warnings about
shoddy safety practices and instead retaliated against whistleblowers who
registered complaints with their superiors.
In September 2006, days before BP executives were scheduled to testify
before Congress about an oil spill from a ruptured pipeline that forced
the company to shutdown its Prudhoe Bay operations, BP announced that it
had tapped former federal Judge Stanley Sporkin to serve as an ombudsman
and take complaints from employees about the company's operations.
That's who the whistleblower complained to via email about issues related
to BP's Atlantis operations in March 2009 a month after his contract was
abruptly terminated for reasons he believes were directly related to his
complaints to management about BP's failure to obtain the engineering
documents on Atlantis and the fact that he "stood up for a female
employee who was being discriminated against and harassed." The
whistleblower alleged that the $2 million price tag was the primary
reason BP did not follow through with a plan formulated months earlier to
secure the documents.
"We prepared a plan to remedy this situation but it met much resistance
and complaints from the above lead engineers on the project," the
whistleblower wrote in the March 4, 2009, email to Pasha Eatedali in BP's
ombudsman's office.
Federal Intervention
Additionally, he hired an attorney and contacted the inspector general
for the Department of the Interior and the agency's Minerals Management
Service (MMS), which regulates offshore drilling practices, and told
officials there that BP lacked the required engineer-certified documents
related to the major components of the Atlantis subsea gas and oil
operation.
In 2007, MMS had approved the construction of an additional well and
another drilling center on Atlantis. But the whistleblower alleged in his
March 4, 2009, email to Eatedali in BP's Office of the Ombudsman that
documents related to this project needed to ensure operational safety
were missing and that amounted to a violation of federal law as well as a
breach of BP's Atlantis Project Execution Plan. The ombudsman's office
agreed to investigate.
MMS, acting on the whistleblower's complaints, contacted BP on June 30,
2009, seeking specific engineering related documents. BP complied with
the request three weeks later.
On July 9, 2009, MMS requested that BP turn over certification documents
for its Subsurface Safety Valves and Surface Controlled Subsea Safety
Valves for all operational wells in the Atlantis field. MMS officials
flew out to the platform on the same day and secured the documents,
according to an internal letter written by Karen Westall, the managing
attorney on BP's Gulf of Mexico Legal Team.
But according to the public advocacy group Food & Water Watch, a
Washington, DC-based nonprofit, which became involved in the case last
July, BP did not turn over a complete set of materials to MMS.
"BP only turned over 'as-built' drawings for [Atlantis'] topsides and
hull, despite the fact that the whistleblower’s allegations have always
been about whether BP maintains complete and accurate engineer approved
documents for it subsea components," Food & Water Watch said in a 19-page
letter it sent toWilliam Hauser, MMS’s Chief, Regulations and Standards
Branch.
During two visits to the Atlantis drilling platform last August and
September, MMS inspectors reviewed BP's blowout preventer records. Food &
Water Watch said they believe MMS inspectors reviewed the test records
and failed to look into the whistleblower's charges that engineering
documents were missing. The blowout preventer, however, is an issue at
the center of the Deepwater Horizon spill.
An MMS spokesperson did not return calls for comment.
Last October, Food & Water Watch filed a Freedom of Information Act
(FOIA) request for expedited processing, seeking documents from MMS that
indicate BP "has in its possession a complete and accurate set of 'as
built' drawings ... for its entire Atlantis Project, including the subsea
sector." "As-built" means lead engineers on a specific project have to
make sure updated technical documents match the "as-built" condition of
equipment before its used.
MMS denied the FOIA request.
"MMS does not agree with your assessment of the potential for imminent
danger to individuals or the environment, for which you premise your
argument [for expedited response]. After a thorough review of these
allegations, the MMS, with concurrence of the Solicitor's Office,
concludes your claims are not supported by the facts or the law," the
agency said in its October 30, 2009, response letter.
In response, MMS said that although some of its regulatory requirements
governing offshore oil and gas operations do require "as built" drawings,
they need not be complete or accurate and, furthermore, are irrelevant to
a hazard analysis BP was required to complete.
Unsatisfied with MMS's response, Food & Water Watch contacted Rep. Raul
Grijalva (D-Arizona), a member of the Committee on Natural Resources and
chairman of the subcommittee on National Parks, Forests and Public Lands,
about the issues revolving around BP's Atlantis operations and provided
his office with details of its own investigation into the matter.
"Unsubstantiated" Claims
On January 15, Westall, the BP attorney, wrote a letter to Deborah
Lanzone, the staff director with the House Subcommittee on Energy and
Minerals, and addressed the allegations leveled by Food & Water Watch as
well as indirect claims the whistleblower made.
Westall said BP "reviewed the allegations" related to "noncompliant
documentation of the Atlantis project ... and found them to be
unsubstantiated." But Westall's response directly contradicts the
findings of Billie Pirner Garde, BP's deputy ombudsman, who wrote in an
April 13 email to the whistleblower that his claims that BP failed to
maintain proper documentation related to Atlantis "were substantiated"
and "addressed by a BP Management of Change document." Garde did not say
when that change occurred. But he added that the whistleblower's
complaints weren't "unique" and had been raised by other employees
"before you worked there, while you were there and after you left."
Westall noted in her letter that "all eight BP-operated Gulf of Mexico
production facilities" received safety awards from MMS in 2009.
"Maintenance and general housekeeping were rated outstanding and
personnel were most cooperative in assisting in the inspection
activities," MMS said about BP's Gulf of Mexico drilling facilities.
"Platform records were readily available for review and maintained to
reflect current conditions."
Westall maintained that the whistleblower as well as Food & Water Watch
had it all wrong. Their charges about missing documents has nothing to do
with Atlantis' operational safety. Rather, Westall seemed to characterize
their complaints as a clerical issue.
"The Atlantis project is a complex project with multiple phases," Westall
said in her letter to Lanzone. "The [August 15, 2008] e-mail [written by
Barry Duff, a member of the Atlantis subsea team] which was provided to
you to support [Food & Water Watch's] allegations relates to the status
of efforts to utilize a particular document management system to house
and maintain the Atlantis documents. The document database includes
engineering drawings for future phases, as well as components or systems
which may have been modified, replaced, or not used."
But Representative Grijalva was not swayed by Westall's denials. He
continued to press the issue with MMS, and in February, he and 18 other
lawmakers signed a letter calling on MMS to probe whether BP "is
operating its Atlantis offshore oil platform ... without professionally
approved safety documents."
Grijalva said MMS has not "done enough so far to ensure worker and
environmental safety at the site, in part because it has interpreted the
relevant laws too loosely."
"[C]ommunications between MMS and congressional staff have suggested that
while the company by law must maintain 'as-built' documents, there is no
requirement that such documents be complete or accurate," the letter
said. "This statement, if an accurate interpretation of MMS authorities,
raises serious concerns" and requires "a thorough review at the agency
level, the legal level and the corporate level. The world's largest oil
rig cannot continue to operate without safety documentation. The
situation is unacceptable and deserves immediate scrutiny.
"We also request that MMS describe how a regulation that requires
offshore operators to maintain certain engineering documents, but does
not require that those documents be complete or accurate, is
appropriately protective of human health and the environment."
On March 26, MMS launched a formal investigation and is expected to file
a report detailing its findings next month.
Zach Corrigan, a senior attorney with Food & Water Watch, said in an
interview Thursday that he hopes MMS "will perform a real investigation"
and if the agency fails to do so, Congress should immediately hold
oversight hearings "and ensure that the explosion and mishap of the
Horizon platform is not replicated."
"MMS didn't act on this for nearly a year," Corrigan said. "They seemed
to think it wasn't a regulatory or an important safety issue. Atlantis is
a real vulnerability."
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